The bulbs keep shorting. Any one else experience this?

Wiring four "identical" bulbs in series, to power from a 6V battery, is not entirely legitimate UNLESS you can be sure that the filament resistance of all bulbs is very nearly equal. Otherwise, the bulb with the highest resistance will burn out prematurely. You might mitigate this problem if you use four bulbs in series with a 4.5v supply; or five bulbs in series with a 6v supply. This will lower the current through the bulbs and hopefully their dissipation will stay within safe limits. You could also use a resistor in series with the bulbs. Calculating the value depends on accurately knowing the specs of the bulbs; do you trust this manufacturer's published specs? As a rough start, you might try one resistor (5 ohms, 1 watt) and four bulbs, all in series, with a 6v supply voltage. The resistor might get rather hot!

My lesson calls for #40 bulbs. Are these the same size? I don't see anything that says #40.

This is E10 screw mini bulb, the size is approx. 23 mm/ 0.9 inches in length, E10 mini bulb holder is about 30 x 11.5 mm/ 1.18 x 0.45 inch, please carefully check whether the product size is what you want before buying.

Honoson 30 Pieces E10 Screw Mini Bulbs Warm White Light and E10 Mini Screw Type Bulb Socket Black Plastic Bulbs Holder for Student Experiment Lighting DIY Accessories, 1.5V, 0.3A

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